Discuss any two merits and demerits of the Green Revolution in the agricultural sector in the Indian economy.

Question

Accepted Answer

**Merits of Green Revolution:**

1. **Increase in Food Grain Production:** Green Revolution led to significant increase in food grain production, making India self-sufficient in food grains. Production increased by 28.8% in 1967-68.

2. **Modernization of Agriculture:** Introduction of HYV seeds, fertilizers, and modern technology transformed traditional agriculture into modern farming.

**Demerits of Green Revolution:**

1. **Regional Disparities:** Green Revolution was concentrated in Punjab, Haryana, and Western UP, leading to regional inequalities in agricultural development.

2. **Environmental Problems:** Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides led to soil degradation and environmental pollution.

3. **Increased Inequality:** Benefits mainly accrued to large farmers who could afford modern inputs, widening gap between rich and poor farmers.