“In the late 1970s, China’s population growth rate had sharply declined as compared to India.” Elucidate the reason and impact of this situation.

Question

Accepted Answer

China's population growth rate declined sharply in late 1970s:

Reason:
1. One Child Policy implemented in 1979
2. Strict family planning measures
3. Government incentives for small families
4. Penalties for exceeding birth limit

Impact:
1. Population growth controlled
2. Reduced dependency ratio
3. Increased savings and investment
4. Demographic dividend
5. Aging population challenge later

The policy was successful in controlling population but created long-term demographic challenges.