(a) “United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs indicated that India has overtaken China as the world’s most populous country in the month of April 2023.” Explain the consequences of one-child policy adopted by China in the 1970s. (b) Discuss the impacts of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on the economic growth of China.

Question

Accepted Answer

(a) India overtaking China as most populous country:

Consequences:
1. Demographic dividend for India
2. Larger workforce
3. Increased consumption demand
4. Pressure on resources
5. Employment challenges

Impact on India:
1. Need for job creation
2. Investment in human capital
3. Infrastructure development
4. Social security
5. Sustainable development

India needs to capitalize on its demographic advantage through proper policies and investments.